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Argon gas is used to fill conventional incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs. |
Argon
| Atomic Number: | 18 | Atomic Radius: | 188 pm (Van der Waals) |
| Atomic Symbol: | Ar | Melting Point: | -189.34 °C |
| Atomic Weight: | 39.95 | Boiling Point: | -185.85 °C |
| Electron Configuration: | [Ne]3s23p6 | Oxidation States: | 0 |
History
From the Greek argos, inactive. Its presence in air was suspected by Cavendish in 1785, discovered by Lord Raleigh and Sir William Ramsay in 1894.
Sources
The gas is prepared by fractionation of liquid air because the atmosphere contains 0.94% argon. The atmosphere of Mars contains 1.6% of 40Ar and 5 ppm of 36Ar.
Properties
Argon is two and one half times as soluble in water as nitrogen, having about the same solubility as oxygen. Argon is colorless and odorless, both as a gas and liquid. Argon is considered to be a very inert gas and is not known to form true chemical compounds, as do krypton, xenon, and radon.
Isotopes
Naturally occurring argon is a mixture of three isotopes. Twelve other radioactive isotopes are known to exist.
Uses
It is used in electric light bulbs and in fluorescent tubes at a pressure of about 400 Pa. and in filling photo tubes, glow tubes, etc. Argon is also used as an inert gas shield for arc welding and cutting, as blanket for the production of titanium and other reactive elements, and as a protective atmosphere for growing silicon and germanium crystals.